What is the structure of a single stage double suction centrifugal pump?
Oct 15, 2024
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Single stage double suction centrifugal pump structure
From the structure diagram of single-stage double-suction centrifugal pump, it can be seen that the vertical single-stage double-suction pump is composed of 22 parts, namely pump body, pump cover, pump shaft, impeller, double-suction sealing ring. Bushing, stuffing sleeve, water seal pipe, stuffing, stuffing ring, stuffing gland, bushing nut, bearing body, fixing bolt, bearing body gland, coupling parts, round nut, bearing cover (A), bushing nut, bearing retaining ring, bearing cover (B), end cover and other parts. The main components of single-stage double-suction pump are pump body, pump cover, impeller, shaft, bushing, double-suction sealing ring, etc., among which the vulnerable parts are impeller, bushing, double-suction sealing ring, etc.
Pump cover
The material of the pump cover is made of metal and plastic. The pump cover is equipped with a rubber sealing gasket to prevent liquid leakage and water ingress. The pump cover is used to collect the liquid flowing out of the impeller and guide it to the water pipe to the outlet of the centrifugal pump.
Impeller
The impeller of the water pump is generally made of cast iron, and the blades on the impeller play a major role. The shape and size of the impeller are closely related to the performance of the water pump. Centrifugal pump impellers can be divided into single suction and double suction types. Single suction impellers can absorb water on one side, and most small flow pump impellers are of this structure. Double suction impellers can absorb water on both sides, and large flow pump impellers use double suction impellers.
Shaft
The shaft is a cylindrical object used to pass through the middle of the bearing, and a few are square. The shaft is a mechanical part used to support the rotating parts and rotate with it to transmit motion. The shape is generally a metal round rod, and each section can have different diameters. The parts that rotate in the machine are installed on the shaft. Bushing The bushing is a component of the sliding bearing and is a cylindrical mechanical part sleeved on the rotating shaft. The bushing and bearing use interference fit, and the bushing and shaft use clearance fit.
Double suction sealing ring
The double suction sealing ring is also called the leakage reduction ring. The leakage reduction ring is a metal ring inlaid on the pump casing at the inlet of the impeller. The function is to prevent abrasion between the impeller and the pump casing. There are two forms: straight type and end face sealing type.
The suction port and discharge port of the double suction centrifugal pump are both set below the axis centerline, the horizontal direction and the axis are vertical, and the pump casing is a split structure. The water inlet and discharge pipelines and the motor do not need to be disassembled during maintenance. From the direction of the coupling, it rotates counterclockwise. It can also be changed to counterclockwise rotation according to user needs. Users should indicate this when ordering.
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The pump body and pump cover of the single-stage double suction horizontal centrifugal pump constitute the working room of the impeller. The inlet and outlet flanges are equipped with pipe screw holes for installing vacuum gauges and pressure gauges, and the inlet and outlet flanges are equipped with pipe screw holes for draining water.
The impeller of the double-suction pump has been statically balanced and fixed with a sleeve and sleeve nut. The axial position can be adjusted through the sleeve nut. The axial force of the impeller is balanced by the symmetrical arrangement of the blades. There may be some excess axial force borne by the bearings at the shaft end.
The pump shaft of the double-suction split pump is supported by two single-row radial ball bearings. The bearings are installed in the bearing bodies at both ends of the pump body and can be lubricated with butter. The double-suction sealing ring can be used to reduce the water leakage from the pressure chamber back to the suction chamber.
The shaft seal of the split double-suction pump is a soft packing seal. In order to cool and lubricate the sealing cavity and prevent air from entering the pump, there is a water seal ring between the packings. When working, small-flow high-pressure water flows into the packing cavity through the water seal pipe to act as a water seal.
The double-suction centrifugal pump is installed in the pump casing and fastened to the pump shaft. The pump shaft is connected to the motor using coupling technology. When the motor rotates, it drives the pump shaft and the impeller to run together. There is a liquid suction and suction pipe connection in the middle of the pump casing. The liquid flows into the pump through the bottom valve and the suction pipe. The liquid discharge port on the pump casing is connected to the discharge pipe. When the speed of the double-suction pump is constant, the head, flow rate and impeller diameter are related.
Before starting the single stage double suction centrifugal pump, it is forbidden to run idly. The pump casing and the suction pipe must be filled with liquid. Then the motor is started to drive the impeller and water to rotate at high speed. The water is thrown to the outer edge of the impeller due to the centrifugal force and flows into the water pressure pipeline of the double-suction centrifugal pump through the flow channel of the volute pump casing.