Basic Structure Of Multi-stage Pumps

It is composed of inlet section, outlet section, middle section, tail cover, impeller, pump body, pump shaft, bearings, sealing ring, packing box and other components.
1. The impeller is the core part of a multi-stage pump, with high rotational speed and high output. The blades on the impeller play a major role, and the impeller needs to undergo static balance experiments before assembly. The inner and outer surfaces of the impeller are required to be smooth to reduce friction losses caused by water flow.
2. The inlet section, outlet section, and middle section, also known as the pump casing, are the main body of a multi-stage pump. Plays a supporting and fixing role, and is connected to the bracket for installing bearings.
3. The function of the pump shaft is to connect the coupling with the electric motor, transmitting the torque of the electric motor to the impeller, so it is the main component for transmitting mechanical energy.
4. Bearings are components that are placed on the pump shaft to support the pump shaft, and there are two types of bearings: rolling bearings and sliding bearings. When using butter as a lubricant for rolling bearings, it should be added appropriately. Generally, if the volume is too large, it will generate heat, and if it is too small, there will be noise and heat. The sliding bearing uses transparent oil as a lubricant and is filled to the oil level line. Too much oil will seep out and float along the pump shaft, and too little bearing will overheat and burn out, causing accidents. During the operation of the water pump, the maximum temperature of the bearings is 85 degrees Celsius. Generally, it is around 60 degrees Celsius. If it is too high, the cause should be investigated (whether there are impurities, whether the oil quality is black, and whether there is water ingress) and treated in a timely manner.
5. Sealing ring, also known as leak reducing ring. Excessive clearance between the impeller inlet and the pump casing can cause water in the high-pressure area of the pump to flow towards the low-pressure area, affecting the pump's water output and reducing efficiency. A small gap can cause friction and wear between the impeller and pump casing. In order to increase reflux resistance and reduce internal leakage, delay the service life of the impeller and pump casing, a sealing ring is installed at the junction of the inner edge of the pump casing and the external support of the impeller, and the sealing gap should be kept between 0.25 and 1.10mm.
6. The packing box mainly consists of packing, water seal ring, packing cylinder, packing gland, and water seal pipe. The main function of the packing box is to seal the gap between the pump casing and the pump shaft, preventing the water flow inside the pump from flowing outside and the air from outside from entering the pump. Always maintain a vacuum inside the water pump. When the friction between the pump shaft and the packing generates heat, the water seal pipe needs to hold the water inside the water seal ring to cool the packing. Maintain the normal operation of the water pump. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the inspection of the packing box during the operation and inspection of the water pump. The packing needs to be replaced after about 600 hours of operation.
7. It is possible to change the inlet and outlet. Directional multi-stage pump